Test Case Definition, Types, Significance, and Basic Concepts

What is Test Case

A test case is itself a unit of the testing method. The test case definition is that it is a software testing framework that helps in writing test cases. It's used to create the requirements for the development of a system, business process, or product. Test cases are written based on specifications and guidelines provided by project managers/designers and developers respectively. The aim of writing test cases is to ensure that all functionalities can be achieved by a system without any problems.

Test cases and test plans can be taken similarly but test cases are much more than them. It's a collection of stories, each with its component of functionality. It can also be taken as a test plan but with added features of a collection of stories where everyone has their component of functionality.

You'll have one or more test cases for each story that you're testing, and they will be written out in the form of Unit-style tests (or at least some version of these). If you're writing unit tests for your application then your test cases may already be written out in this format.

Since we have explained a few important things about test case definition, now let’s talk about its applications. Test cases are often used to test the correct behavior/functionality of an application. An expected result or outcome is usually given. Additional information that may be included: Test Case ID - This uniquely identifies the test case. Test case Description (summary) – explains the objective. Test steps show the exact steps for performing the test case and Prerequisites specify the conditions to be followed before the test steps execution takes place. Other information includes Test category, Author- Name of the Tester Automation, whether this test case is automated or not Pass/fail, and Remarks. The most time-consuming part of writing a test case is writing the tests and then giving them modifications when the system changes.

Test Case Types:

There are many different kinds of test cases, which are usually classified either as functional or non-functional:

Functional test cases are focused on the functionality of the application under testing. These tests verify that the application does what it says it does and does not do what it does not say it does.

Non-functional test cases are focused on the processing of data inside the application under testing. These tests verify that the application does what it says it does but also checks for data integrity issues and that whatever data is sent to an external value source is returned validly.

Grey Box Testing describes a scenario in which the software has been tested but not to other boundaries, such as supporting hardware, operating system, and network.

Formal Test Case:

A formal written test case has its known input & an expected output, which is worked out well before the test is executed. The precondition should be tested by a known input and its output should check a postcondition.

Informal Test Case:

Informal test cases can help you think through complex problems. These scenarios are usually not written down in any detail, but they can be as simple as a diagram for a testing environment or they could be a description written in prose. They are usually different from test cases in which they are set as single steps, while scenarios are related to several steps of the key.

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Wrapping Up:

We went through the test case definition and respective types. To conclude, a test case is a group of the inputs, execution conditions, testing procedure, and expected results that define a single test to be executed to achieve a single testing objective. They help in determining the coverage of an application, through re-testing and debugging. This is done by creating a set of test cases that cover the entire functionality of the application being tested. We also recommend heading to the official platform of WeTest where one can everything an organization may need for their software testing requirements.